VALGUS STRESS
TEST
• Test positioning
The client sits with the test elbow flexed to 20 to 30 degrees.
The therapist stands with the distal hand around the client's wrist (medially) and the proximal hand over the client's elbow joint (laterally).
• Action
With the wrist stabilized the therapist applies a valgus stress to the elbow with the proximal hand.
• Positive finding
As compared to the uninvolved elbow, medial elbow and/or increased valgus movement with a diminished or absent endpoint is indicative of damage to primarily the ulnar (medial) collateral ligament.
• Special considerations & comments
The therapist must avoid allowing the humerus to internally or externally rotate during this test, as this will give the illusion of increased valgus movement.
The Valgus Stress Test is based on the foundational work of Dr. James Cyriax in orthopedic assessment and Dr. Don O'Donoghue, whose contributions to understanding medial collateral ligament stability and injuries have been significant.
